The Assamese Separatist Movement is a result of Assamese nationalism.[1] The alleged neglect and economic exploitation by the Indian state are the main reasons behind the growth of this secessionist movement. Both sides - the ULFA and the Indian state are unwilling to compromise on sovereignty and the common people of Assam has been paying the price for it.[2]
The United Liberation Front of Asom seeks to establish a sovereign Assam via an armed struggle in the Assam conflict. The Government of India had banned the organization in 1990 and classifies it as a terrorist group, while the US State Department lists it under "Other groups of concern".
ULFA claims to have been founded at the site of Rang Ghar on April 7, 1979, a historic structure from the Ahom kingdom. Military operations against it by the Indian Army that began in 1990 continues till present.[3] In the past two decades some 30,000 people have died[4] in the clash between the rebels and the government.
Though Assamese nationalism is a strong and popular sentiment, it is disputed if the secessionist movement enjoys popular support any longer.[2] On the other hand, strong Assamese nationalism can be found in Assamese literature and culture. The neglect and exploitation by the Indian state are common refrains in the Assamese-language media.[5] There are instances when even the ULFA leaders are seen as saviors.[6]
Internationally acclaimed Assamese novelist Indira Goswami has been trying to broker peace[7][8][9] for several years between the rebels and the government.[10] In a recent development the Hiren Gohain,[11][12] a public intellectual has stepped in to expedite the process.